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Charles Dickens is an English novelist who is widely known for his prominent novels titled: A Tale of Two Cities, Oliver Twist, Bleak House, Our Mutual Friends, The Old Curiosity Shop, etc. The themes that are mainly depicted in Dickens works are class struggle, mayhem in the select cities, the ideal country, the representation of alcoholic beverages, oppression and resurrection.  Overall, these themes along with the literary devices in the works of Dickens are the key elements that intensify his works.

The presence of the struggle between the social classes, the mayhem occurring in the streets, and the representation of alcoholic beverages, and the presence of resurrection are all themes that can be found in the novel A Tale of Two Cities.  This novel represents the class struggle because it portrays the wealthy upper class as being superior while degrading the peasants.  The peasants are represented as being underprivileged, “men and women, dipped in the puddles with little mugs of mutilated earthenware… which were squeezed dry into infants mouths.”  Here, the reader can visualize the extent of the poverty that corresponds to the characters in the novel.  They are so unfortunate that they have to drink wine from the filth of the streets and then poor it into their children’s mouths.  “There was so much drainage to carry off the wine…but so much got taken up along with it, that there might have been a scavenger hunt in the street…” this phrase compares the peasants to animals searching the streets for food in order to survive.  As the novel progresses the peasants astonishingly acquire power from the aristocrats and become the rulers of the town seeking revenge on the upper class.  Another theme that is widely represented in Dickens novels is the presence of resurrection.  In the novel, there are many literal and metaphorical illustrations of the ability to resurrect.  Some examples are Doctor Manette’s ability to escape from prison after having been jailed for eighteen years without being able to communicate with society.   Dr. Manatte was able to escape prison because his daughter, Lucie Manatte, dug him out.   It can be metaphorically understood that he physically and psychologically resurrected because he is now living a new life in a different type of society, “he was recalled to life” and has now become a sane caring man, “you have brought me that these remembrances arise, and pass between us and the moon…”

In the novel Oliver Twist, the prominent themes are the idealized country and the presence of mayhem.  The theme of the idealization is presented in the novel because the setting and inequalities that happen to Oliver take place in two major cities.  Oliver’s relocation to the country allows him and his family to reestablish a new life.  In the novel, Dickens believes that individuals can completely alter their personality traits and beliefs by relocating to a calm society or town.  This can be represented by Oliver’s move to the country and his complete transformation.  Another theme that is represented in Oliver Twist is the presence of mayhem in the city, which represents the possibility of the evil within the city reaching into the citizen’s souls.  It is proven at the end of the novel that this is not the case because the characters are presented with a conscience and emotional feelings.

Another novel by Dickens that portrays the theme of struggle within the social class is titled David Cooperfield.  In the novel, Dickens allows the readers to identify with the different social classes and allows them to judge them based on their personalities and their ethics, not on their wealth.   To portray this theme Dickens utilizes two characters named Steerforth and Mr. Peggotty.  These characters contrasted each other in the sense of their personalities, morals and their social status.  It shows us that a person’s wealth and social status does not make them a better person.  For example, Mr. Peggotty was a poor man but had an excellent personality among with morals and patience.

 

 

 

 

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